Hey brother, can you do me a favor? I want you to connect that book with what author Edward Curtin said about the conformist, hedonistic, anti-revolutionary behavior of the majority of U.S. citizens, who are reluctant to overthrow the system that keeps them impoverished, with sky-high bills, high taxes, medicine and everything generally very expensive, and low wages to meet necessities. From my point of view, they are too conformist and are still clinging to voting for the two capitalist parties (Democrats and Republicans) that keep the majority of Americans poor, obese, sick and depressed, while only a minority is favored by that system. The right thing to do would be for the majority to unite around a Marxist-socialist political party such as the Socialist Equality Party, the Party for Socialism and Liberation, the Green Party, the Socialist Party of the USA or other more working-class-oriented political options.
The link between Jonathan Crary's analysis (Suspensions of Perception) and Edward Curtin's socio-political critiques of conformism and passivity in the US is direct and profound: Crary explains the technical/psychological mechanism of control, while Curtin explains the political and existential consequence.
Both authors agree that the absence of a mass revolutionary movement—despite the evident deterioration of the living conditions of the working class—is not an accident, but the result of a highly sophisticated system of cultural and perceptual domination.
1. The show as anesthesia: From Crary to Curtin
For Jonathan Crary, industrial and post-industrial capitalism not only exploits the workforce, but also manages attention. Through the culture of spectacle, media, and the incessant flow of stimuli, the individual's perception is captured in a state of passive trance or "distraction hypnosis."
This is where Edward Curtin's thesis comes in: Curtin argues that the American population lives under a form of "organized amnesia" and compulsive entertainment (hedonism). For Curtin, this hedonism is not a sign of real wealth or happiness, but a mechanism of psychological evasion:
- Curtin's diagnosis: People are overwhelmed by debt, unpayable medical costs, expensive housing, and precarious jobs, but they are offered an escape through visual consumption, mass entertainment, and the illusion of individual freedom.
- The link with Crary: Crary's "suspension of perception" is the tool that allows that hedonism to work. If the citizen's attention is permanently fragmented and directed towards the next product, the next series or the next spectacle debate of electoral politics, the ability to focus attention on the structural root of his own exploitation is nullified.
2. The trap of bipartisanship as "false attention"
In his analysis of modern society, Curtin denounces how the two-party system (Democrats and Republicans) functions as a monopoly that absorbs any legitimate discontent and redirects it into an empty electoral spectacle. Both parties support the corporate capitalist model, but stage an ongoing cultural battle to keep the population divided.
From Crary's perspective, this bipartisanship acts as a fixation screen:
- Targeted care: The system requires the working class to "pay attention" to politics only in the way that the system allows it to (voting every two or four years for one of the two fractions of the same capital).
- Neutralization of real change: By focusing perceptual and emotional energy on the Democrat vs. Republican, attention is prevented from being "suspended" from the official narrative to contemplate structural alternatives, such as parties of the socialist, Marxist or working class tradition (such as the Party for Socialism and Liberation, the Socialist Equality Party or the Green Party).
3. The Production of Passive Subjectivity: The Poor, the Sick, and the Alienated
Curtin often underscores the tragic contradiction of American society today: a majority that suffers from high levels of depression, obesity, workaholism, and social isolation, but remains unable to organize collectively.
The theoretical connection between the two thinkers to explain this phenomenon can be summarised in three points:
- Dispossession of Agency (Curtin): The average citizen feels atomized and powerless. The daily economic pressure (bills, taxes, health costs) generates a state of chronic exhaustion that destroys the time and energy necessary for militancy or political organization.
- Capture of leisure time (Crary): Instead of leisure time being a space for critical thinking or community action, modern capitalism captures perception in break time through media consumption, turning the exhausted worker into a passive spectator.
- Rejection of the alternative: Conformism does not arise because people are satisfied with their lives, but because the combination of material exhaustion and perceptual manipulation makes the system seem "inevitable," making invisible or demonizing any radical leftist alternative that seeks to reorganize society in favor of the working majority.
In short, while Edward Curtin denounces the moral, political, and hedonistic surrender of a society that tolerates its own degradation under the myth of capitalist freedom, Jonathan Crary reveals the invisible architecture—the manipulation of attention and the senses—that makes it possible for this voluntary servitude to be maintained day by day.
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